Heber J. Grant
1856 - 1945

È÷¹ö Á¦ÀÌ ±×·£Æ® ȸÀå

ÁÖ´ÔÀ» ¼¶±æ °ÍÀ» °á½ÉÇÔ

Á¦ÀÓÁî ÀÌ ÆĿ콺Ʈ ȸÀåÀº ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù. ¡°È÷¹ö Á¦ÀÌ ±×·£Æ® ȸÀå´ÔÀº Á¦°¡ ¸¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ±³È¸ ȸÀåÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×ºÐÀº ÂüÀ¸·Î À§´ëÇÑ ºÐÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×ºÐÀÌ Áö´Ñ ÈûÀÇ ÀϺΰ¡ ±Ø±â¿´±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿ì¸®´Â ±×ºÐÀ» Å©°Ô Á¸°æÇß½À´Ï´Ù.¡±ÆĿ콺Ʈ ȸÀåÀº È÷¹ö Á¦ÀÌ ±×·£Æ®°¡ ÀþÀºÀ̷μ­ ¾î¶»°Ô ¾ß±¸°øµµ Á¦´ë·Î ¸ø ´øÁö°í, ÇÊüµµ ¾û¸ÁÀ̸ç, ³ë·¡ÇÒ ¶§ À½Á¤µµ ¸ÂÃâ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´ÂÁö¸¦ °è¼ÓÇؼ­ ¼³¸íÇß´Ù. ¡°Æò»ýÅä·Ï ¿¬½ÀÀ» ÅëÇØ ±×ºÐÀº ³ë·¡ ½Ç·ÂÀ» ¾î´À Á¤µµ Çâ»ó½ÃÄ×Áö¸¸ ±×ºÐÀÌ Á¤ÅëÇß´ø ¾ß±¸³ª ±Û¾¾¸¸Å­Àº Àß ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·£Æ® ȸÀå´ÔÀº ±×ºÐÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â ·¤ÇÁ ¿Ðµµ ¿¡¸Ó½¼ÀÌ ÇÑ ¸»¿¡ µû¶ó »ç¼Ì½À´Ï´Ù. ¡®¿ì¸®°¡ ¾î¶² ÀÏÀ» ²ÙÁØÈ÷ ÇÏ¸é ±× ÀÏÀ» ÇϱⰡ ½¬¿öÁý´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±× ÀÏÀÇ º»ÁúÀÌ º¯Ç߱⠶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±× ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ´É·ÂÀÌ Áõ°¡µÇ±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.¡¯¡±(¸®¾ÆÈ£³ª, 2000³â 7¿ùÈ£, 54~55ÂÊ) ¹ßÀüÇÏ°Ú´Ù´Â °á½ÉÀº Æò»ý ±×·£Æ® ȸÀå¿¡°Ô ÃູÀ» °¡Á®´Ù ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.

½ÊÀ̻絵 Á¤¿øȸ º¸Á¶¿´´ø Á¸ ·Õµç Àå·Î´Â °°Àº ½ÊÀ̻絵 Á¤¿øȸ º¸Á¶¿´´ø Ŭ¸®Æ÷µå ÀÌ ¿µ Àå·Î°¡ µé·Á ÁØ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °æÇèÀ» ÀüÇØ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¡°[±×·£Æ® ȸÀå²²¼­] ¼­°ÅÇϽñâ 3~4ÁÖ ÀüÂë¿¡ ¿µ ÇüÁ¦°¡ ±×ºÐÀÇ ÁýÀ» ¹æ¹®Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·£Æ® ȸÀå²²¼­´Â ÀÌ·± ±âµµ¸¦ Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. ¡®Çϳª´ÔÀ̽ÿ©, Á¦°¡ °£ÁõÀ» ÀÒÁö ¾Ê°í ³¡±îÁö Ãæ½ÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Àú¸¦ ÃູÇÏ¿© ÁֽÿɼҼ­!¡¯¡± (Conference Report, 1958³â 10¿ù, 70)


±×ÀÇ »ý¾Ö (1856~1945)

  • 1856³â 11¿ù 22ÀÏ¿¡ ¼ÖÆ®·¹ÀÌÅ©½ÃƼ¿¡¼­ Á¦µ¥´ÙÀÌ¾Æ ¸ð°£ ±×·£Æ®¿Í ·¹ÀÌÿ ¸®Áö¿þÀÌ À̹ÝÁî ±×·£Æ®¿¡°Ô¼­ ž´Ù. ºê¸®°Ë ¿µ ȸÀåÀÇ º¸Á¿´´ø ºÎÄ£ÀÌ 9ÀÏ ÈÄ¿¡ »ç¸ÁÇÏ´Ù.
  • 1872³â 16¼¼, °íµîÇб³¸¦ Á¹¾÷ÇÏ°í ÀºÇà ¾÷¹« ¹× »ç¾÷ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­ »çȸ »ýÈ°À» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Ù
  • 1877³â 20¼¼, 11¿ù 1ÀÏ¿¡ ·ç½Ã ½ºÆ®¸µÇÜ°ú °áÈ¥ÇÏ´Ù. ±×³à´Â
  • 1893³â¿¡ »ç¸ÁÇÏ´Ù.
  • 1880³â 23¼¼, ½ºÅ×ÀÌÅ© ȸÀåÀ¸·Î ºÎ¸§ ¹Þ´Ù
  • 1882³â 25¼¼, Á¦ÀÏȸÀå´Ü º¸ÁÂÀÎ Á¶Áö Å¥ ij³Í ȸÀå¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »çµµ·Î ¼ºÀӵǴÙ.
  • 1883~1884³â 26~27¼¼, ¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä« Àεð¾ð¿¡°Ô º¹À½À» ÀüÆÄÇÏ´Ù
  • 1901~1906³â 43~48¼¼, ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¼±±³ºÎ ȸÀåÀ¸·Î ºÀ»çÇÑ ÈÄ¿¡ ¿µ±¹ ¹× À¯·´ ¼±±³ºÎÀÇ ¼±±³ºÎ ȸÀåÀ¸·Î ºÀ»çÇÏ´Ù.
  • 1916³â 60¼¼, ½ÊÀ̻絵 Á¤¿øȸÀÇ È¸ÀåÀÌ µÇ´Ù
  • 1918³â 62¼¼, Á¶¼Á ¿¡ÇÁ ½º¹Ì½º ȸÀåÀÇ ¼­°Å ÈÄ¿¡ ±³È¸ ȸÀåÀ¸·Î ÁöÁöµÇ´Ù
  • 1945³â 88¼¼, 5¿ù 14ÀÏ ¼ÖÆ®·¹ÀÌÅ©½ÃƼ¿¡¼­ »ç¸ÁÇÏ´Ù

ȸÀå ÀçÀӽà ÀϾ ¿ª»çÀû »ç°Ç (1918~1945³â)

  • 1919, 1923, 1927³â ÇÏ¿ÍÀÌ, ¾Ù¹öŸ, ¾Æ¸®Á¶³ª¿¡¼­ ¼ºÀüÀ» Çå³³ÇÏ´Ù
  • 1921³â µ¶½Å ¼ºÀεéÀ» À§ÇØ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ±³È¸ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Á¶Á÷ÇÏ´Ù
  • 1924³â ¿¬Â÷ ´ëȸ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¶óµð¿À ¹æ¼Û Áß°è
  • 1925³â ³²¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä« ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¼±±³ºÎ¸¦ Á¶Á÷ÇÏ´Ù
  • 1926³â Á¾±³ ±³À°¿ø ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ½ÃÀ۵ǴÙ
  • 1930³â ±³È¸°¡ ¼³¸³ ÀϹé ÁÖ³âÀ» ±â³äÇÏ´Ù (´ç½Ã ȸ¿ø¼ö´Â ¾à 670,000¸í)
  • 1936³â ±³È¸ º¹Áö ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Á¶Á÷ÇÏ´Ù
  • 1941~1944³â ¼¼°è Á¦ 2Â÷ ´ëÀü µ¿¾È ±º º¹¹« ÁßÀÎ ±³È¸ ȸ¿øµéÀ» µ½±â À§ÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Ù
  • Born 1856 Salt Lake City, Utah
  • Baptized as a child
  • Ordained a Seventy 1871 at age of fifteen!
  • Married Lucy Stringham 1877, six children; later practiced plural marriage
  • Ordained Apostle and called to the Twelve 1882
  • Opened and Presided over Japanese Mission 1901-1903
  • President of European Mission 1903-1905
  • President of the Twelve 1916-1918
  • President of the Church 1918-1945
  • Died 1945 Salt Lake City, Utah

È÷¹ö Á¦ÀÌ ±×·£Æ® ȸÀåÀÇ »ý¾Ö

1. ¡°1918³â 11¿ù, Á¶¼Á ¿¡ÇÁ ½º¹Ì½º ȸÀåÀº ÀÛ°íÇϱâ Á÷Àü¿¡ ´ç½Ã ½ÊÀ̻絵 Á¤¿øȸÀÇ È¸ÀåÀÌ´ø È÷¹ö Á¦ÀÌ ±×·£Æ® Àå·ÎÀÇ ¼ÕÀ» Àâ°í ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¡®ÇüÁ¦´Ô¿¡°Ô ÁÖ´ÔÀÇ ÃູÀÌ ÇÔ²² ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÁÖ´ÔÀÌ ÃູÇÏ½Ç °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇüÁ¦´ÔÀº Å« Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¸Ã¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº Àΰ£ÀÇ ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÁÖ´ÔÀÇ »ç¾÷À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» Ç×»ó ±â¾ïÇϽʽÿÀ. ÁÖ´ÔÀº ±× ¾î¶°ÇÑ »ç¶÷º¸´Ùµµ À§´ëÇϽʴϴÙ. ±×ºÐÀº ´©°¡ ±×ºÐÀÇ ±³È¸¸¦ À̲ø¾î°¡¾ß ÇÒÁö¸¦ ¾Ë°í °è½Ê´Ï´Ù. ±×ºÐÀº °áÄÚ ½Ç¼öÇϽÃÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.¡¯[ ¡°Editorial,¡±Improvement Era, 1936³â 11¿ùÈ£, 692ÂÊ] 1882³âºÎÅÍ »çµµ·Î ºÀ»çÇØ ¿Â È÷¹ö Á¦ÀÌ ±×·£Æ®´Â ±×ÀÇ ³ªÀÌ 62¼¼¿¡ ±³È¸ÀÇ Á¦7´ë ȸÀåÀÌ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.¡±

2. ¡°Àþ¾úÀ» ¶§ºÎÅÍ È÷¹ö´Â ¸ñÇ¥¸¦ ¼ºÃëÇÏ´Â µ¥ À־ ³²´Ù¸¥ °áÀǸ¦ º¸¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì¸ÁÀÎÀΠȦ¾î¸Ó´Ï ½½ÇÏ¿¡¼­ ÀÚ¶õ µ¶ÀÚ¿´´ø ±×´Â Àڱ⠶Ƿ¡ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¼Ò³âµé°ú ½±°Ô ¾î¿ï·Á ³îÁö ¸øÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ß±¸ ÆÀ¿¡¼­ ¿îµ¿À» ÇÏ·Á Çϸé, ¼Ò½ÉÇÏ°í ¼­Åõ¸¥ ¼Ø¾¾ ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×´Â Ä£±¸µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ³î¸²À» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ¾Æ¹«µµ ±×¸¦ ÆÀ¿¡ ³¢¿öÁÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ½Ç¸ÁÇÏ°í ³«´ãÇÏ´Â ´ë½Å, ±×´Â ¿©·¯ ½Ã°£ ²ö±âÀÖ°Ô °è¼ÓÇؼ­ °ø ´øÁö´Â ¿¬½ÀÀ» ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, °á±¹ ´Ù¸¥ ÆÀ ¼±¼ö°¡ µÇ¾î ¸î¸î Áö¹æ °æ±â¿¡¼­ ¿ì½ÂÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.¡±

3. ¡°¼Ò³â ½ÃÀý, ±¸µÎ ´Û´Â ÀϺ¸´Ù ºÎ±â °è¿øÀÌ µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÈξÀ ´õ ¸¹Àº µ·À» ¹ú°Ô µÇ¸®¶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÈ ±×´Â ºÎ±â °è¿øÀÌ µÇ°í ½Í¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±× ´ç½Ã ºÎ±â °è¿øÀÌ µÇ±â À§Çؼ­´Â ±Û¾¾¸¦ ¾ÆÁÖ Àß ½á¾ß ÇßÁö¸¸, ±×ÀÇ ±Û¾¾°¡ ¾ó¸¶³ª ¾ÇÇÊÀ̾ú´øÁö ±×ÀÇ Ä£±¸ µÎ »ç¶÷Àº ±×ÀÇ ±Û¾¾°¡ ²À ¾ÏżÀÌ À̸®Àú¸® Âï¾î³õÀº ¹ßÀÚ±¹ °°´Ù°í ¸»Çϱ⵵ Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ ¹ø, ±×´Â ½Ç¸ÁÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¿À·§µ¿¾È ±Û¾¾ ¾²´Â ¿¬½ÀÀ» Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ±Û¾¾¸¦ ¾Æ¸§´ä°Ô ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷À¸·Î À¯¸íÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î, °á±¹¿¡´Â ´ëÇп¡¼­ ½ÀÀÚ¸¦ °¡¸£Ä¡°Ô µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, Áß¿äÇÑ ¼­·ù¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â µ¥ Á¾Á¾ ºÒ·Á°¡±âµµ Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ÁÖ´Ô°ú ¼ºµµµéÀ» À§ÇØ ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â µ¥ À־ ÃÖ¼±À» ´ÙÇÏ°íÀÚ °á½ÉÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, À̸¦ ÁöÄѺ» ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô À§´ëÇÑ ¸ð¹üÀÌ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.¡±

4. ¡°±×·£Æ® ȸÀåÀº Çö¸íÇÏ°í ¼º°øÀûÀÎ »ç¾÷°¡¿´´Âµ¥, ±×ÀÇ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »ç¾÷ ¼ö´ÜÀº Àü¼¼°è°¡ °øȲ¿¡ óÇÏ°í ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇØ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¾î·Á¿òÀ» °Þ´ø ¶§¿¡ ±³È¸¸¦ ÀεµÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¸¹Àº µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ¸³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ÁÖ´Ô°ú ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¿­½ÉÈ÷ ÀÏÇÏ´Â µ¥ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±»°Ô ¹Ï°í ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¹ø µ·À¸·Î ¸¹Àº °¡³­ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀ» ÃູÇØ ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.¡±

5. ¡°1930³â´ë¿¡, Àü ¼¼°èÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéó·³ ¼ºµµµéµµ ´ë°øȲ±â¿¡ ½Ç¾÷°ú °¡³­ÀÇ °íÅë ¼Ó¿¡ Çã´öÀÌ°í ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. 1936³â, ÁÖ´ÔÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹ÞÀº °è½ÃÀÇ °á°ú, ±×·£Æ® ȸÀåÀº ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ°í ¸ðµç ȸ¿øµéÀÌ ÀÚ¸³ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï µ½±â À§ÇÏ¿© ±³È¸ º¹Áö ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Á¦Á¤Çß½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦ÀÏȸÀå´ÜÀº ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ´ëÇØ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¡®¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÀÏÂ÷ÀûÀÎ ¸ñÇ¥´Â, °¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ °ÔÀ¸¸§ÀÇ Çص¶À» ÀϼÒÇÏ°í, ½Ç¾÷ ¼ö´çÀÇ ÇؾÇÀ» ¾ø¾Ö¸ç, µ¶¸³ÀûÀÌ°í, ±Ù¸éÇϸç, °Ë¼ÒÇÏ°í, ÀÚÁ¸ÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¿ì¸® ¼ºµµµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ ¹ø ¼¼¿öº¸´Â µ¥ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ³ëµ¿Àº ±³È¸ ȸ¿øµéÀÇ »îÀ» Áö¹èÇÏ´Â ¿ø¸®·Î¼­ ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ ¹ø ³ôÀÌ Æò°¡µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.¡¯¡±[Á¦ÀÏȸÀå´Ü, Conference Report, 1936³â 10¿ù, 3ÂÊ]

6. ¡°[½ÊÀ̻絵 Á¤¿øȸÀÇ ÀÏ¿øÀ̾ú´ø ¾Ë¹öÆ® ÀÌ º¸¿ìÀ¢ Àå·Î´Â] ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ °­Á¶Çß´Ù. ¡®º¹Áö °èȹÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀÎ Àå±â ¸ñÇ¥´Â ¼ö¿©ÀÚ¿Í ¼öÇýÀÚÀÎ ±³È¸ ȸ¿øµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ Ư¡À» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ°í, ±×µéÀÇ ³»ºÎ ±íÀº °÷¿¡ ³»ÀçµÈ °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ °ÍÀ» À̲ø¾î³»´Â °ÍÀ̸ç, dzºÎÇÏ°Ô ÀáÀçµÈ ¿µÀÇ °á½ÇÀ» ¸Î´Â µ¥ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.¡¯¡± [±³È¸ º¹Áö °èȹ (º¹À½ ±³¸®¹Ý ÇнÀ °úÁ¤, 1946³â), 44ÂÊ]

7. ¡°1936³â º»ºÎ º¹Áö À§¿øȸ°¡ ±³È¸ÀÇ º¹Áö »ç¾÷À» °ü¸®Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ¼³¸³µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÆÄÀÌ¿À´Ï¾Æ ½ºÅ×ÀÌÅ© ȸÀåÀ̾ú´ø ÇØ·Ñµå ºñ ¸®´Â À§¿øȸÀÇ °ü¸® Ã¥ÀÓÀÚ·Î ºÎ¸§ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ÈÄ¿¡ µ¥Àú·¿ Àδõ½ºÆ®¸®½º »óÁ¡ÀÌ ½Ç¾÷ÀÚ³ª Áöü ºÎÀÚÀ¯ÀÚµéÀ» µ½±â À§ÇØ ¼¼¿öÁ³À¸¸ç, °¡³­ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀ» µ½±â À§ÇÏ¿© ³óÀåÀÌ Á¶¼ºµÇ°í, »ý»ê »ç¾÷ÀÌ ½Ç½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯ º¹Áö ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº Àü ¼¼°èÀÇ °¡³­ÇÑ ±³È¸ ȸ¿øµé°ú ±ÃÇÌÇÑ È¯°æ¿¡ óÇØ ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¼öõ ¸íÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÃູÀ» ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù.¡±[º¸´Ù ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº Glen L. Rudd, Pure Religion: The Story of Church Welfare Since 1930 (1995) ÂüÁ¶]

8. ¡°¼±±³ »ç¾÷ÀÌ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î È®ÀåµÇ¾î °¡´Â µ¿¾È, ±×·£Æ® ȸÀåÀº ¾î¶² ÈçÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °³Á¾¿¡ µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. °³½Å±³ÀÇ ÀÌÅ»¸®¾ÆÀÎ ¸ñ»ç¿´´ø ºó¼¾ÃÊ µð ÇÁ¶õü½ºÄ«´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±³È¸¸¦ ÇâÇØ ´º¿å ½ÃÀÇ °Å¸®¸¦ °È´ø Áß¿¡ Àí´õ¹Ì °¡µæÇÑ Åë ¼Ó¿¡¼­ Ç¥Áö°¡ ¾ø´Â Ã¥ ÇÑ ±ÇÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×´Â ±× Ã¥À» Áý¾î µé°í, Ã¥ÀåÀ» ³Ñ°Üº¸¾Ò´Ù. ±×´Â Ã¥¿¡¼­ ´ÏÆÄÀÌ, ¸ð»çÀ̾ß, ¾Ù¸¶, ±×¸®°í ¸ð·Î³ªÀ̶ó°í ÇÏ´Â À̸§µéÀ» óÀ½À¸·Î ¹ß°ßÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â Ã¥ÀÇ À̸§°ú Ãâó¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Ë ¼ö´Â ¾ø¾úÁö¸¸ ±×°ÍÀ» ÀÐ°í °¨¸íÀ» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, Ã¥ÀÇ Áø½Ç¼º¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±âµµÇØ º¸°í ½ÍÀº ´À³¦ÀÌ µé¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ½ÇÁ¦·Î ±×·¸°Ô ÇØ º¸¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ±×¿¡ ´ëÇØ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù. ¡®±ÍÇÏ°í Ưº°ÇÑ ¾î¶² °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇßÀ» ¶§Ã³·³ ±â»Ú°í Áñ°Å¿î ´À³¦ÀÌ ³ªÀÇ ¿µÈ¥¿¡ À§¾ÈÀ» ÁÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç, Àΰ£ÀÇ ¾ð¾î·Î´Â Çü¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ±â»ÝÀ» °¡Á®´Ù ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.¡¯±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±³È¸ ȸ¿øµé¿¡°Ô ±× Ã¥¿¡ ³ª¿Í ÀÖ´Â ¿ø¸®µéÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡±â ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ±³È¸ÀÇ ÁöµµÀÚµéÀº ±×·¯ÇÑ ±×ÀÇ ÇàÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±×¸¦ ¡°èÇßÀ¸¸ç, ½ÉÁö¾î´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ±× Ã¥À» Å¿ö¹ö¸®µµ·Ï Áö½ÃÇßÀ¸³ª, ±×´Â ±×°ÍÀ» °ÅÀýÇß´Ù.¡±

9. ¡°ÈÄ¿¡ ±×´Â ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ·Î µ¹¾Æ¿ÔÀ¸¸ç, 1930³â ±× Ã¥ÀÌ ¿¹¼ö ±×¸®½ºµµ Èı⠼ºµµ ±³È¸¿¡¼­ ¹ßÇàµÈ Ã¥À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â À¯Å¸¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±³È¸ º»ºÎ·Î ÆíÁö¸¦ ½èÀ¸¸ç, ±× ÆíÁö´Â ±×·£Æ® ȸÀå¿¡°Ô·Î Àü´ÞµÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·£Æ® ȸÀåÀº ±×¿¡°Ô ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ¾îÆÇ ¸ô¸ó°æÀ» º¸³ÂÀ¸¸ç, ±×ÀÇ À̸§À» À¯·´ ¼±±³ºÎÀÇ ¼±±³ºÎ ȸÀå¿¡°Ô º¸³Â´Ù. Àü½ÃÀÇ ¿©·¯ ¾î·Á¿ò ¶§¹®¿¡ ºó¼¾ÃÊ´Â ¿©·¯ ÇØ µ¿¾È ħ·Ê¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ¾ø¾úÀ¸³ª, °á±¹ 1951³â 1¿ù 18ÀÏ ±³È¸ÀÇ È¸¿øÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ½ÃÄ¥¸® ¼¶¿¡¼­ÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ È¸¿øÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 5³â ÈÄ ±×´Â ½ºÀ§½º ¼ºÀü¿¡¼­ ¿£´Ù¿ì¸ÕÆ®¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.¡±[µ· ºó¼¾ÃÊ µð ÇÁ¶õü½ºÄ«, ¡°³ª´Â ±× Ã¥À» ºÒÅ¿ìÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù¡±, ¼ºµµÀÇ ¹þ, 1988³â 6¿ùÈ£, 14ÂÊ ÂüÁ¶]

10. ¡°1922³â 5¿ù 6ÀÏ, ±×·£Æ® ȸÀåÀº ±³È¸ÀÇ Ã¹ ¶óµð¿À ¹æ¼Û±¹À» Çå³³Çß´Ù. 2³â ÈÄ¿¡ ±× ¹æ¼Û±¹Àº ¿¬Â÷ ´ëȸ ½ÇȲÀ» ¹æ¼ÛÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇßÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇØ ´õ¿í ´õ ¸¹Àº ±³È¸ ȸ¿øµéÀÌ ÃÑ°ü¸® ¿ª¿øµéÀÇ ¿¬Â÷ ´ëȸ ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ µéÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ó¸¶ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº 1929³â 7¿ù, Źö³»Å¬ ÇÕâ´ÜÀº ¿µÀûÀÎ À½¾Ç°ú ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ ¹æ¼ÛÇÏ´Â ÁÖ·Ê ¹æ¼Û ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÎ À½¾Ç°ú Áø¸®ÀÇ ¸»¾¸À» ù ¹æ¼ÛÇß´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ÇöÀç±îÁö °è¼ÓÇؼ­ ¸ÅÁÖ ¹æ¼ÛµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.¡±

11. ¡°±×·£Æ® ȸÀåÀº 1945³â 5¿ù 14ÀÏ¿¡ ¼­°ÅÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±³È¸ ȸÀåÀ¸·Î ºÀ»çÇÑ 27³â°£ÀÇ ÀçÀÓÀº ºê¸®°Ë ¿µ ȸÀåÀÇ ºÀ»ç ±â°£À» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í °¡Àå ±ä ±â°£À̾ú´Ù.¡±(¿ì¸®ÀÇ À¯»ê, 107~110ÂÊ)

 

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12. 1925³â¿¡ È÷¹ö Á¦ÀÌ ±×·£Æ® ȸÀå°ú ±×ÀÇ º¸ÁµéÀº µµ¹Ú¿¡ °üÇØ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¼º¸íÀ» ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù. ¡°±³È¸´Â ¾î¶°ÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ µµ¹Úµµ º¯ÇÔ¾øÀÌ ¹Ý´ëÇØ ¿ÔÀ¸¸ç Áö±Ýµµ ±×·¯ÇÑ ÀÔÀåÀ» ÃëÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. µ·À» °¡Áø »ç¶÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ À̸¦ ¹Þ°í ÇÕ´çÇÑ ´ë°¡¸¦ ÁöºÒÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¿äÇàÀÌ ±êµç °ÔÀÓÀ̳ª Á÷¾÷ ¶Ç´Â »ç¾÷Àº ¾î¶°ÇÑ °ÍÀ̵çÁö ¹è°ÝÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹«¸ðÇÏ°Ô Åõ±â½ÉÀ» Á¶ÀåÇϰųª ƯÈ÷ ±³È¸ ȸ¿ø, ±×¸®°í ´õ ³ÐÀº Àǹ̷ΠÁö¿ª »çȸ°¡ Ç×»ó Áö³à¾ß ÇÒ ³ôÀº µµ´öÀûÀΠǥÁØÀ» ÀúÇØÇϰųª ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â ¸ðµç ÇàÀ§´Â ¹è°ÝÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.¡±( ¡°Gambling,¡± Improvement Era, 1926³â 9¿ùÈ£, 1100ÂÊ¿¡¼­ Àοë)

13. Á¦ 2Â÷ ¼¼°è ´ëÀü µ¿¾È ¿©·¯ ±¹°¡¿¡¼­ ¸¹Àº ±³È¸ ȸ¿øµéÀÌ ÀüÀïÅÍ·Î ³ª°¡¾ß ÇßÀ¸¸ç, ¶§¶§·Î ¼­·Î¸¦ ´ëÀûÇÏ¿© ½Î¿ö¾ß Çß´Ù. 1942³â 4¿ù ¿¬Â÷ ´ëȸ¿¡¼­ ³¶µ¶µÈ ¼º¸í¼­¿¡¼­ È÷¹ö Á¦ÀÌ ±×·£Æ® ȸÀå°ú ±×ÀÇ º¸ÁµéÀº ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù.

14. ¡°±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ º¹À½Àº »ç¶û°ú ÆòÈ­ÀÇ º¹À½, Àγ»¿Í ¿À·¡ÂüÀ½ÀÇ º¹À½, ¿ë³³°ú ¿ë¼­ÀÇ º¹À½, Ä£Àý°ú ¼±ÇÑ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ º¹À½, ÀÚ¾Ö¿Í ÇüÁ¦¾ÖÀÇ º¹À½ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¡¦¡±

15. ¡°ÀǷοî ÀÌÀÇ ¿µÈ¥ ¼Ó¿¡´Â Áõ¿À°¡ Â÷ÁöÇÒ ÀÚ¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¡¦¡±

16. ¡° ¡¦ Áõ¿À´Â »çź¿¡°Ô¼­ ž¸ç, »ç¶ûÀº Çϳª´Ô¿¡°Ô¼­ ºñ·ÔµË´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â °¢ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¸¶À½ ¼Ó¿¡¼­ Áõ¿À¸¦ ¸ô¾Æ³»¾î¾ß Çϸç, ±×°ÍÀÌ ´Ù½Ã µé¾î¿Àµµ·Ï Çؼ­´Â ¾ÈµË´Ï´Ù. ¡¦¡±

17. ¡°¹é ³â µ¿¾È ±³È¸´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿ø¸®¿¡ µû¶ó ÀεµµÇ¾î ¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù.¡±[±×µéÀº ±³¸®¿Í ¼º¾à 134Æí 1~6, 8ÀýÀ» ÀοëÇß´Ù.]

18. ¡°ÀÌ·± ¿ø¸®µé¿¡ ¼øÁ¾ÇÏ¿©, ±³È¸ ȸ¿øµéÀº ½Î¿ì·¯ ³ª°¡¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ¿ä±¸°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§ Á¶±¹À» ÁöÅ°·¯ ³ª°¡¾ß ÇÏ´Â Àǹ«¸¦ ´ÙÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í Ç×»ó »ý°¢ÇØ ¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ¡¦¡±

19. ¡° ¡¦ ÇöÀçÀÇ ÀüÀï¿¡¼­ ¾çÂÊ Áø¿µ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±³È¸ÀÇ ÇüÁ¦µéÀÌ Á׾°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¾î¶² À̵éÀº ±×µéÀÇ Á¶±¹À» À§ÇÏ¿© ÂüÀ¸·Î Àå·ÄÇÏ°Ô Àü»çÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¸ðµç ÀÏ¿¡¼­ ¿ì¸® ¹é¼ºµéÀº ´ÜÁö ¿ì¸®°¡ ÀÌ¹Ì ¾ð±ÞÇÑ ¿ø¸® ¾Æ·¡¼­ ±×µéÀÌ ½Ã¹Î ¶Ç´Â ±¹¹ÎÀ¸·Î ¼ÓÇØ ÀÖ´Â ³ª¶ó¿¡ Ã漺ÇÏ¿© º¹¹«ÇÒ µû¸§ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¡¦¡±

20. ¡° ¡¦ [±³¸®¿Í ¼º¾à 98Æí 4~7Àý¿¡¼­ °¡¸£Ä¡°í ÀÖ´Â] ¿ø¸®¿¡ ¡¦ ¼øÁ¾ÇÏ¿© Çå¹ý¿¡ µû¶ó ±³È¸ÀÇ ÇüÁ¦µéÀÌ Ã漺À» ¹ÙÃÄ¾ß ÇÒ ±¹°¡ÀÇ ±ºº¹¹«·Î ºÎ¸§À» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ» ¶§, °¡Àå ¿ì¼±½ÃµÇ´Â ±×µéÀÇ Àǹ«´Â ±× ºÎ¸§¿¡ ÀÀÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ±× ºÎ¸§¿¡ µû¸£°í ±×µé¿¡°Ô ³»·ÁÁø ¸í·É¿¡ ¼øÁ¾ÇÏ¿© ±×µé°ú ´ëÀûÇÏ¿© ½Î¿ì´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ »ý¸íÀ» »©¾Ñ°Ô µÇ´õ¶óµµ, ±×·Î ÀÎÇØ ±×µéÀÌ »ìÀÎÀÚ°¡ µÇÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¡¦¡±

21. ¡°Àü¼¼°è°¡ »ç»ó ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ ÀüÀï ¼Ò¿ëµ¹ÀÌ¿¡ ÈÛ¾µ·Á ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±³È¸´Â ¹ü¼¼°èÀûÀÎ Á¶Á÷À» °®°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. µ¶½ÇÇÑ È¸¿øµéÀÌ ¾ç Áø¿µÀ¸·Î °¥¶óÁ® ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÀüÀï ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¹«ÁËÇÑ ÀüÀï µµ±¸°¡ µÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾çÆí¿¡¼­ ¸ðµÎ ±×µéÀº °¡Á¤, Á¶±¹, ±×¸®°í ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ À§ÇØ ½Î¿ì°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾çÂÊ¿¡¼­ ¿ì¸® ÇüÁ¦µéÀº °°Àº Çϳª´Ô¿¡°Ô ±×ÀÇ À̸§À¸·Î ½Â¸®¸¦ °£±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾çÂÊÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ¿ÇÀ» ¼ö´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¸ðµÎ°¡ À߸øÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Çϳª´Ô²²¼­´Â ±×ºÐÀÌ Á¤ÇϽŠ½Ã±â¿¡ ±×ºÐÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î °¥µîÀ» °øÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô ±Ô¸íÇÏ½Ç °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¡¦¡±

22. ¡°¾îµð¿¡¼­ ´©±¸¸¦ À§ÇØ º¹¹«¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÀÖµçÁö, ±º¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¿ì¸® ÀþÀºÀ̵éÀÌ, ±ú²ýÇÏ°Ô »ýÈ°ÇÏ°í, ÁÖ´ÔÀÇ °è¸íÀ» ÁöÅ°¸ç, Áø¸®¿Í ÀǷοò ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ¿©·¯ºÐÀ» ÁöÄÑ ÁÖ½Ç °ÍÀ» ±×ºÐ²² Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ±âµµÇϸç, ±âµµ µå¸®´Â ´ë·Î »ýÈ°ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ¾î¶² ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾµçÁö ÁÖ´Ô²²¼­´Â ¿©·¯ºÐ°ú ÇÔ²²ÇÏ½Ç °ÍÀ̸ç, ¶Ç Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¸í¿¹¿Í ¿µ±¤ ±×¸®°í ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ±¸¿ø°ú ½Â¿µ¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¾î¶² Àϵµ ¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô ÀϾÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.¡±(Conference Report, 1942³â 4¿ù, 90~91, 93~96ÂÊ)

23. ¡°Çϳª´ÔÀº »ì¾Æ°è½Ã°í, ¿¹¼ö´Â ±×¸®½ºµµÀ̽øç, Á¶¼Á ½º¹Ì½º´Â Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¼±ÁöÀÚ¿´°í, Áö±Ýµµ ±×·¯ÇÏ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» °£Áõµå¸³´Ï´Ù. ¡¦ Á¦°¡ ±×°ÍÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ¾Ë¾Ò°Ú½À´Ï±î? Á¦°¡ ¿À´Ã ¹ã ¿©·¯ºÐ ¾Õ¿¡ ¼­ ÀÖÀ½À» Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Â ¸¸Å­ È®½ÇÇÏ°Ô ±×°ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¶ß°Å¿ò°ú Â÷°¡¿òµµ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ±â»Ýµµ, ½½Çĵµ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í Àú´Â ½½ÇÄÀÇ ½Ã°¢¿¡, °íÅëÀÇ ½Ã°¢¿¡, Á×À½ÀÇ ½Ã°¢¿¡ Çϳª´Ô²²¼­ ÀúÀÇ ±âµµ¸¦ µéÀ¸½Ã°í ÀÀ´äÇϼÌÀ½À» ¿©·¯ºÐ²² ¸»¾¸ µå¸³´Ï´Ù. ±×ºÐ²²¼­´Â »ì¾Æ°è½Ê´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ¿©·¯ºÐ²² °£Áõ µå¸³´Ï´Ù.¡± ( ¡°Farewell Address of Apostle Heber J. Grant,¡±Improvement Era, 1901³â 7¿ù, 691ÂÊ)

    Heber J. Grant was the seventh President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and the first not to have known the Prophet Joseph Smith personally. He was also the first to be born in the west and thus was not part of the Exodus from Nauvoo. Still, his birth before the completion of the Trans-Continental Railroad would solidify a claim that he was indeed a Mormon pioneer.

    Heber Jeddy Grant was born November 22, 1856, in Salt Lake City to Jedediah M. Grant and Rachel Ridgeway Ivins Grant. Although named for his father, his middle name was actually Jeddy rather than Jedediah. Heber associated from a young age with Church and territorial leaders. His father served as Brigham Young's counselor in the First Presidency and as mayor of the city, and his mother enjoyed the society of the leading women of the LDS community. His father, however died when Heber was only nine days old. His mother refused to accept aid from the Church and the family moved to a "widow's hut" and took in boarders to make expenses.

    This poverty, perhaps, set a pattern in young Heber's life. From an early age he was an entrepreneur and eventually became an astute businessman. Indeed, he perceived a conflict between his business acumen and his spiritual calling when called to the Twelve. He experienced an epiphany in which the Lord convinced him that his was a talent which the Church could use.

    Heber J. Grant practiced plural marriage, the last of the presidents of the Church to do so. He took as his first wife Lucy Stringham on November 1, 1877. She bore him six children. Later he was married to Hulda Augusta Winters May 26, 1884. The Ancestral File does not list any children from this union. The very next day on May 27, 1884, Elder Grant took his third wife Emily Harris Wells. Five children are listed from this union. Though a godless federal government forced the dissolution of the latter two marriages, surely they will be one family in the eternities.

    Heber was ordained a Seventy in 1871 at the tender age of fifteen and was called as President of the Tooele Stake when only twenty-three. He was ordained an Apostle in 1882. He was privileged to open the Japanese Mission in 1901 and served as its president until 1903 when he returned home but was almost immediately sent to preside over the European Mission.

    Heber J. Grant became President of the Twelve in 1916 and succeeded Joseph F. Smith as President of the Church in 1918. During his administration, he was privileged to dedicate three temples, and to organize the welfare program. It would prove to be a blessing to all of Europe following World War II.

    President Heber J. Grant died in 1945 in Salt Lake City, Utah.


Bibliography
   
LDS Biographical Encyclopedia, Andrew Jenson, Vol. 1, p.147
   
LDS Biographical Encyclopedia, Andrew Jenson, Vol. 3, p.746
   
Encyclopedia of Mormonism, Vol.4, Appendix 1
   
Prophets and Apostles of the Last Dispensation, Lawrence R. Flake, p. 67
   
2005 Church Almanac, p.54


Selected Discourses

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Being Faithful Latter-day Saints
Note: Although he was called to the Twelve and ordained an Apostle in 1882, it is 1887 before Grampa Bill is able to find a discourse by Elder Heber J. Grant... and this is only a few very short remarks delivered at the Funeral of President John Taylor.

Funeral of President John Taylor
29 July 1887

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Laying Up God's Blessings
Note: This is the earliest General Conference talk that Grampa Bill has been able to locate for Elder Heber J. Grant. In it he refers to his youth compared to the other General Authorities.

General Conference, 9 October 1887

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Progress Depends on Obedience
Note: Although this is Elder Grant's first General Conference talk in the then new Twentieth Century, he makes no mention of the fact.

General Conference, 7 April 1900

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A Pledge of Faithful Service
Note: This is President Grant's address to the 89th Annual General Conference, following the Solemn Assembly in which he was sustained as President of the Church.

General Conference, 1 June 1919

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The Idler Shall Not Have Place in the Church
Note: In 1937, War Clouds were gathering over Europe and the world was in the depths of the Great Depression. That year, President Heber J. Grant toured the Missions of Europe and instituted the Church Security Program (later called the Church Welfare Program). In this discourse, delivered to the 118th Semi-Annual Conference, President Grant delivers a report of his visit to Europe and declaims the curse of idleness and its twin sister, the dole. And while he was on a roll, he railed against violators of the Word of Wisdom.

General Conference, 1 October 1937

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Path of Duty
Note: The year 1945 brought much joy and much sorrow to the Saints. It would bring Victory in Europe in May, and then three months later Victory in the Pacific, the end of World War II. But in April, there was still fighting and our young men were still dying. 1945 would also bring the death of the much beloved Heber J. Grant, but on 6 April he was still alive, and although too ill to attend the 115th Annual General Conference, he prepared this address which was delivered by Joseph Anderson, Clerk of the Conference. An interesting sidebar: in compliance with government regulations and requests based on wartime security measures, attendence at the Conference was limited to about 2,000 instead of the more usual 15,000.

General Conference, 6 April 1945


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